How can I create my own "ATAT command"?

I’d need a simple template of a code that would read an ATAT-formatted structure, parse some command line arguments, etc.

Have a look at the file atat/src/skelread.c++

It’s a demonstration code that shows you the a "skeleton" of an ATAT-like command.
The atat/src/makefile file also contains the make rule under item "skelread:"
You can just type

make skelread