Re: question of lat.in for HCP lattice

The format is explained in
maps -h
The rationale is that the first line gives a convenient coordinate system so that all remaining coordinates (including the cell vectors), have simple expressions.
Typically, the only times you would want other than
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
for the cell is when you have a centered or rhombohedral bravais lattice.